Methodology
September 2026
Why we publish a range instead of a visibility score
Asking the same question five times in one hour returned three different brand sets. Here is the run, the spread we measured, and why a single number would have been the wrong output.
Google AI Overviews and Gemini are not the same engine
One is a summary stitched onto search results, the other is a conversational assistant. Brands routinely do well in one and badly in the other, which is why blending them would flatten the only useful signal.
Bing coverage is not Copilot coverage
A data provider that returns Bing web results does not return the Copilot answer. The distinction is easy to miss and it quietly invalidates a whole row of a tracker.
What actually moves an AI answer
Across our sampling, the things that changed answers were rarely on-brand pages. Third-party sources the engines already trust did most of the work.
Citation behaviour is still unstable
How often each engine cites at all, how many sources it shows, and how much that has swung over successive model updates.
A clean session is the right baseline
Personalised answers are what your buyer sees, but they are unmeasurable. Why an incognito-equivalent, fixed-market sample is the only defensible trend line, and what it cannot tell you.